Emergencies like wildfires, floods, or power outages can happen without warning. Breastfeeding/chestfeeding is the safest and easiest way to feed your baby during an emergency. This information can help you feel prepared to feed your baby safely, even during stressful situations.
Emergencies and disasters can happen suddenly and without warning. They may leave you and your family without electricity, clean drinking water or transportation. These events can be caused by severe weather, disease outbreaks, floods, wildfires or other hazards.
Babies are especially at-risk during emergencies. That’s why it is important to have a plan for how you will feed your baby if you lose power, don’t have clean water, or need to leave your home and go to a reception centre or shelter.
Safe feeding practices are the most important way to protect your baby from getting sick during an emergency. The way you prepare will depend on how you normally feed your baby.
Note: The instructions in this article are only for emergency situations. Please see our other breastfeeding/chestfeeding articles for more information.
If you are feeding your baby formula, please see our article Formula Feeding Your Baby in an Emergency.
If you are Breastfeeding/Chestfeeding your Baby
Breastfeeding/chestfeeding is clean, safe and does not need electricity or running water. This makes it the best way to feed your baby during an emergency.
It also helps protect both you and your baby by:
- Giving your baby a stable, healthy source of food.
- Providing protection (antibodies) in your milk that help prevent and fight infections
- Giving your baby comfort and warmth.
- Releasing hormones that help you feel calmer and less stressed, which can make it easier to care for your baby during a difficult time.
Know Your Rights
Breastfeeding/chestfeeding is protected by law. You are allowed to breastfeed/chestfeed anytime and anywhere, including public spaces, reception centres and shelters.
If you are exclusively breastfeeding/chestfeeding, you can continue with confidence. Since giving formula can lower milk supply, let people know your feeding preferences so they can support you.
You can tell your baby is getting enough milk if they:
- Feed often
- Have six or more wet diapers each day
For more information, check out: Breastfeeding/Chestfeeding – Getting Started – Parenting in Manitoba
Be Prepared Before an Emergency
- If you pump, plan to evacuate with your pump.
- Learn to hand express in case there is a power outage and you cannot use your electric pump or consider adding a manual pump to your emergency kit.
Learn more here: How to Express and Store Breastmilk – Parenting in Manitoba
Breastfeeding/Chestfeeding During an Emergency
- Wash your hands before you breastfeed/chestfeed each time.
- If you can’t use soap and clean water, use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
- Keep breastfeeding/chestfeeding often, whenever your baby shows they are hungry.
- Feeling stressed does not lower how much milk you make, but it can slow the flow of milk for a short time.
- Feeding in a quiet, private space can help.
- If you use both breastmilk/chestmilk and formula, try to breastfeed/chestfeed more often during an emergency. This can make things easier if clean formula is harder to prepare.
If you pump breastmilk/chestmilk or are using bottles, follow these steps only in emergencies when you do not have your usual equipment or a kitchen:

- Wash your hands with soap and water
- Clean bottle and nipple with hot soapy water
- Rinse with warm water
- Place on a clean surface to dry
Your bottles are now ready to add breastmilk/chestmilk.
If you are not in an emergency, follow proper sterilizing methods: How to Sterilize Your Formula Feeding Equipment
If you are staying in a shelter or hotel, ask staff if they have equipment (such as a pot, stove or kettle) to sterilize feeding supplies.
Safe Use of Frozen Breastmilk/Chestmilk in an Emergency
Frozen breastmilk/chestmilk may be used in an emergency if it has been kept frozen, transported safely and has not spoiled.
Preparing for power outages
- Set your fridge/freezer temperature control to the coldest setting.
- Keep your freezer as full as possible with milk in the middle. A full freezer stays frozen for much longer (48 hours) than one that isn’t full (24 hours).
- Fill empty freezer space with crumpled paper, lined with cardboard, or freezer blocks.
- Put full water bottles in empty spots and freeze them before a power outage. They help keep everything cold.
- Once the freezer is ready, keep the door fully closed. During a power outage, try not to open the fridge or freezer. If you do open it, close the door as quick as possible.
Packing frozen milk for evacuation:
- Use a well-insulated cooler big enough to hold your milk.
- Line the bottom of your cooler with cardboard (corrugated cardboard is a good insulator).
- Place your milk bags in the cooler.
- Fill any extra space with more crumpled paper. Packing it tightly helps keep everything cold longer.
- Place another layer of cardboard or paper on top of the milk.
- Place frozen gel packs or ice blocks on top of the paper.
- Seal the cooler with duct tape to help it stay closed and prevent spills if it tips over.
- Keep the cooler closed until you have reached your destination.
Safe use:
- If frozen milk has been in a fully packed cooler and is still partly frozen, it can be refrozen.
- Once the milk is fully thawed, it should be used within 24 hours.
- If the power went out and came back on while you were away, the milk in the freezer may have thawed and then refrozen. The milk is not safe to use and should be thrown out.
Resources
If you have questions about feeding your baby, contact:
- Your public health nurse: https://www.gov.mb.ca/health/publichealth/offices.html
- Breastfeeding hotline:
- Winnipeg: 204-788-8667
- Outside Winnipeg: 1-888-315-9257
- Open 24 hours a day, seven days a week
- Health Links – Info Santé:
- Winnipeg: 204-788-8209
- Outside Winnipeg: 1-888-315-9257
- Open 24 hours a day, seven days a week
- La Leche League phone support and groups: 204-257-3509
- Dial-a-Dietitian:
- Winnipeg: 204-788-8248
- Outside Winnipeg: 1-877-830-2892
- Monday to Friday, 8 am to 4 pm
References
- Grey Bruce Public Health Unit: Feeding Your Baby in an Emergency
- Nova Scotia Public Health Unit: Infant Feeding Emergency Preparedness for Parents and Caregivers
- Breastfeeding/Chestfeeding Your Baby in an Emergency












